What are Pituicyte cells?
Pituicytes, as specialized astrocytes, are the main glial cells of the neural lobe. They are in intimate contact with the perivascular space of the sinusoidal vessels.
What is the histology of the pituitary?
The pituitary gland in adults has a distinct histological appearance, reflecting its divergent origin. The adenohypophysis (pars anterior, anterior lobe) is characterised by well-demarcated acini that usually contain a mixture of different hormone-producing cells.
What are Herring bodies?
Gene Ontology Term: Herring body
Herring bodies consist of aggregates of membrane-bound neurosecretory vesicles where oxytocin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are stored prior to release. Each Herring body also contains ATP and either neurophysin I or neurophysin II which bind to oxytocin and ADH, respectively.
What kind of cells are in the neurohypophysis?
The neurohypophysis contains far fewer cell nuclei than the adenohypophysis, and contains pituicytes, a type of glial cell, and axon terminals of oxytocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons, whose cell bodies reside in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus (Leng and Bicknell, 1986).
What is the function of Pituicyte?
Pituicytes are similar to astrocytes, another type of glial cell. Their main role is to assist in the storage and release of hormones of the posterior pituitary. Pituicytes surround axonal endings and regulate hormone secretion by releasing their processes from these endings.
Where are Pituicytes found?
Pituicytes, in particular, are specialized glial cells that aid in the storage and in the release of the neurohypophysial hormones from the posterior pituitary. The pituicytes, together with the Herring bodies, make up the pars nervosa of the posterior pituitary.
What histology means?
(his-TAH-loh-jee) The study of tissues and cells under a microscope.
What type of tissue is pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland or hypophysis is derived from two embryologically-distinct tissues. As such, it is composed of both neural and glandular tissue. Both tissues produce hormones that affect a large number of physiological processes.
Where are Herring bodies made?
Herring bodies or neurosecretory bodies are structures found in the posterior pituitary. They represent the terminal end of the axons from the hypothalamus, and hormones are temporarily stored in these locations. They are neurosecretory terminals.
What is Rathke’s pouch?
Rathke’s pouch is a diverticulum arising from the embryonic buccal cavity, from which the anterior pituitary gland develops. Craniopharyngiomas are composed of well-differentiated epithelial elements, including cysts and ameloblasts, and bone.
What is also known as neurohypophysis?
Introduction. The neurohypophysis (pars posterior) is a structure that is located at the base of the brain and is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
Which hormones are stored in neurohypophysis?
The neurohypophysis is the structural foundation of a neuro-humoral system coordinating fluid balance and reproductive function through the action of two peptide hormones: vasopressin and oxytocin.
What is the difference between chromophils and Chromophobes?
Chromophobes are undifferentiated or resting chromophils that appear weakly stained with smaller nuclei and less distinct borders. Observe the numerous blood vessels , the delicate connective tissue framework , and the connective tissue capsule .
What are the four types of histology?
The 4 basic tissue types are Epithelium, Connective Tissue, Nervous Tissue, and Muscle Each types contains subtypes that may look different but share similar characteristics.
What is histology and types?
histology, branch of biology concerned with the composition and structure of plant and animal tissues in relation to their specialized functions. The terms histology and microscopic anatomy are sometimes used interchangeably, but a fine distinction can be drawn between the two studies.
What is the structure of pituitary gland?
Your pituitary gland is divided into two main sections: the anterior pituitary (front lobe) and the posterior pituitary (back lobe). Your pituitary is connected to your hypothalamus through a stalk of blood vessels and nerves called the pituitary stalk (also known as infundibulum).
How many cells are in the pituitary gland?
There are 5 types of cells in the adenohypophysis: somatotrophs, prolactin cells, corticotropic cells, thyrotropic cells and gonadotropic ones. Corticotrophs produce ACTH and the other hormones which are derivatives of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), thyrotropic cells produce TTH and gonadotrophs produce FSH and LH.
Which hormones can be found in Herring bodies?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are both stored in Herring bodies, but are not stored simultaneously in the same Herring body. In addition, each Herring body also contains ATP and a type of neurophysin.
Why is it called Rathke pouch?
Eponym. It is named for Martin Rathke.
What germ layer is Rathke’s pouch?
Rathke pouch, also known as hypophyseal diverticulum, is an ectodermal outpouching of stomodeum (primitive oral cavity lined by ectoderm) which forms at approximately 3-4 weeks gestation and goes on to form the adenohypophysis of the pituitary gland.
What is the main function of neurohypophysis?
The neurohypophysis functions to coordinate fluid balance and reproductive actions, primarily through the release of two primary peptide hormones produced in the hypothalamus – vasopressin and oxytocin.
What is the difference between neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis?
The adenohypophysis develops from Rathke’s pouch, which is an upward invagination of oral ectoderm from the roof of the stomodeum; in contrast, the neurohypophysis develops from the infundibulum, which is a downward extension of neural ectoderm from the floor of the diencephalon (see the image below).
What are the two hormones released from the neurohypophysis?
Which gland is also called the neurohypophysis?
The neurohypophysis (pars posterior) is a structure that is located at the base of the brain and is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Its embryological origin is from the neuroectodermal layer called the infundibulum.
Why is it called chromophobe?
Chromophobe cells were first described in chemically induced renal tumors in rats. Chromophobe RCC was first reported in 1985; its name was derived from the morphologic similarity between the predominant tumor cells in the human tumor to those comprising the experimentally produced rat kidney tumor.